3.3+Progressive


 * //Progressivism Review //**

**Origins of Progressivism ** - How was Populism a forerunner to Progressivism?

**Directions: ** For all of the following people, laws, etc. – provide a 1-2 sentence description/explanation that identifies the importance of the term.

**Muckrakers ** - __Upton Sinclair__: author if The Jungle which helped with consumer safety because it regulated the meat packing industry - __Jacob Riis__: wrote How The Other Half Lives; one of the first books about photojournalism that shows life in the tenement houses - __Lincoln Steffens__: a journalist; specialized in investigating gov. and political corruption; editor of McClur magazine; worked with Ida Tarbell - __Ida Tarbell__: one of the first women writers; first big job was exposing Rockefeller and critisizing the standard oil company - __Henry Demarest Lloyd__: also wrote an expose of John Rockefeller and the standard oil trust; wrote Wealth Against Common Wealth which critisized many corporations - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">__Theodore Dreiser__: <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">socialist; wrote several non-fiction books on political issues

**<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Political Reforms ** - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">__Australian Secret Ballot__: <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">ballots printed and published by the state where the voters were able to mark their choices privately within a curtained booth <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">__Direct Primary__: <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">method for nominating party candidates by majority vote - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">__Initiative__: <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">a method by which voters could compel the legislature to consider a bill - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">__Referendum__: <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">a method by which citizens were allowed to vote on a propsed law printed on a ballot - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">__Recall__: <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">enabled the people to remove a corrupt or unsatisfactory politicain from office by majority vote - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">__17th Amendment__: <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">all senators had to be elected directly by the people instead of state legislatures

**<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Prohibition/Temperance ** - __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">18th Amendment: __ <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">prohibited the sale, consumption, transportation and trade throughout the united states __ - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Frances Willard:  __ <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">women suffragist; educator; temperance reformer; helped influence the passing of the 18th and 19th amendments

**<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Women’s Suffrage ** - __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Seneca Falls Convention: __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott. The first women's right convention.

__ - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Susan B. Anthony:  __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">Active in temeperance and dedicated her life to women's suffrage. She was an educational reformer and labor activist. __ - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Alice Paul:  __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;"> Joined the NAWSA and was appointed chairwoman on the congressional committee in D.C. __  - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Carrie Chapman Catt:  __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;"> Founded the NAWSA which was a women's rights organization

__ - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">NAWSA:  __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">Founded in 1900 and led by Carrie Catt. They petitioned congress to give women the right to vote and also encouraged women to petition.

__ - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">19th Amendment:  __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">Women earn the right to vote

**<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">African Americans ** - __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Booker T. Washington: __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Head of the Tuskegee institute and argued that economic progression was most important. Wanted to concentrate on learning industrial skills. He was an author, educater, orator, and political activist.

__ - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">W.E.B. DuBois:  __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">Criticized Washington's approach, demanded equal rights for African Americans and argued that political and social rights were prerequisite for economic independence. __ - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">NAACP:  __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">Led by W.E.B Du Bois and his two goals were to abolish segregation and to increase education opportunities for African Americans. __ - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Atlanta Exposition:  __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">Led by Booker T Washington, where he argued for black needs for education and progression and also that learning industrial skills was most important

**<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Progressive Presidents: Teddy Roosevelt ** - __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Square Deal: __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;"> Didn't favor business or labor. Made business and labor workers compromise with each other honestly.

- __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Northern Securities Company: __ <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">railroad trust the controlled the northern pacific railway, the great northern railway, and the chicago, burlington, and quincy railroad; sued under the sherman anti-trust act

- __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Elkins Act: __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Amended interstate commerce act of 1887.

- __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Hepburn Act: __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">the ICC could establish just and reasonable rates for railroads

__ - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Pure Food and Drug Act:  __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">Forbade manufacture, sale, transport of mislabeled food

__ - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Forest Reserve Act:  __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">Allowed president to set aside forest from lands owned by public domain

__ - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Newlands Reclamation Act:  __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">Provided money for irrigation projects

**<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Progressive Presidents: William Howard Taft ** - __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">16th Amendment: __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;"> Established the graduated income taz

__ - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Mann-Elkins Act:  __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;"> Gave the ICC the right to suspend new railways and oversee communications

__ - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Payne-Aldrich Act:  __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">Lowering tarriffs on certain imports in the United States

**<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Progressive Presidents: Woodrow Wilson ** - __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Election of 1912: __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Four way presidential race which had a split in the Republican party. Canidates were: Taft, Roosevelt, Wilson, and Eugene V. Debs. Wilson ended up winning.

__ - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Underwood Tariff :  __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">Reimposed the federal income tax following the ratifications of the 16th amendment and lowered basic tariff rates. __ - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Federal Reserve Act:  __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;"> Creates a new banking system based on circulation of dollar bills

__ - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Clayton Anti-Trust Act:  __ <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">improved the sherman anti-trust act and said that trusts were not trustworthy

- __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Child Labor Act: Prohibitied commerce of items that were produced by child labor, ruled unconstitutional. __

**<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Other ** - __<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Eugene V. Debs: Leader and founder of socialist party, ran for president 5 times with no win __

__ - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Jane Addams: Founded the Hull House  __