Marbury

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 * = **Marbury v. Madison (1803﻿ ) ** ||
 * = Background ||= Ruling ||= Significance/Precedence ||
 * = It began with the appointment of the midnight justices by the federalist president John Adams in an attempt to keep Federalist power in the judicial system. One of these was Marbury, but the secretary of state James Madison refused to commision him. Then Marbury sued Madison for not getting his appointment in 1803, making the case of Marbury v. Madison (1803) ||= Marbury was said to have the right to be appointed as the justice, but Madison has the right to not appoint him. The important part of the ruling though was that they declared section 13 of the Judiciary Act of 1789 unconstitutional because it exceeded the power of the courts. ||= It established that the supreme court holds the authority to declare laws unconstitutional. So it established the concept of Judicial Review and set the precedent for the power of the court. ||