Period+7+-+Abolition

= ﻿ __Abolition Movement of Slavery__ = =﻿ =



Summary The 1800's saw a growing interest in new reforms like the abolition movement. The aim was to "Improve humanity and create a more perfect society." The abolition movement was produced by new reforms and a strong religious revival which helped spark this movement. Leading this charge were abolitionists including the leader of them a white male abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison. Others included Frederick Douglass and Harriet Tubman also Prudence Crandell made a statement when she tried to admit black girls to her school. People saw how harsh they were to her and started joining the bandwagon of abolishing slavery. ﻿From the end of the War of 1812, until the Civil War, many reforms took places, involing imporving society, moral enlightenment, and improving self. The abolition movement included all of these. Many northerners say it made man purer, and by aboishing it made our society better. The years between 1815, the year that marked the end of the War of 1812, and 1861 had a lot of reform movements dedicated to improving society, morals, and individuals. Abolitionism was the most important of the antebellum reforms. The major black abolitionists were Frederick Douglass, Sojourner Truth, and Harriet Tubman, but there were also lesser-known African American abolitionists who also supported the cause in every way possible, which included creating their own organizations. There were many successes as well as some failures with this movement. even thought we do eventually abolish slavery. ﻿ Despite the conflicts, issues, and failures at times, slavery was abolished in teh 1860's.

Causes To end all slavery,try to make all people equal in the United states and to create a more perfect union. Slaves were treated poor, harsh and unfair throughout their time being here and this abolition movement was brought about to finally eliminate it. It was also caused by peopling thinking that it is wrong to treat slaves in the way they were, and that it was a sin to do so.

Goal of the movement:
 * To challenge slavery without interfering with state property rights.
 * Freeing slaves with compensation to slaveholders
 * <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Relocate freed slaves to the west coast of Africa or the islands of Barbados
 * <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Pass legislation that would make slavery illegal and free all slaves everywhere in the country
 * <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Some just hoped to start a rebellion and helping slaves to escape



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<span style="color: #ad71ad; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 130%;">Tactics
 * <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">The new reforms plus the new religious revival produced a lot of antislavery movement around this time.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Many northern supporters helped the abolition movement.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">The underground railroad led to a lot of slaves being free and taken out of captivity by southern plantation owners. This organization or system was led by black abolitionists like Harriet Tubman and also Frederick Douglass.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">William Lloyd Garrison tried to help abolish slavery with his newspaper The Liberator also his new uprisings and fiery words brought more attention to the problem on slavery in the mid 1800's. He also influence mant white americans which then led him to becoming a co-founder of the American Anti Slavery Society.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Religion also was a good tactic to help abolish slavery through the bible which said all men are created equal this was used by the abolitionists <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">alot throughtout <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">﻿throughout <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;"> this period.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">A lot of viscious tactics were often made. "Many of these violent uprisings were often ugly and southerners came back or respoded with the same harshness. The ideological gap between the North and the South regarding slavery reached the breaking point in 1861. Even the most peaceful abolitionists were turning for war."
 * <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">American Colonization Society -Removed and relocated tons of slaves to Libreria in Africa which now has millions of members today.
 * <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Harriet Tubman- -Was able to rescue slaves from slavery in different states that adopted this system of the underground railroad.

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<span style="color: #ad71ad; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 130%;">Key Figures/Groups
 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">__William Lloyd Garrison__- The abolitionists most outspoken member/leader coming out saying "I will not retreat a single inch-AND I WILL BE HEARD." Very influential white abolitionist who was the most radical. He called for immediate abolition. Was one of the most dedicated men towards the abolition movement. Created The Liberator in attempts to get rid of slavery.
 * 2) <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">__Prudence Crandell__- was arrested for trying to admit black girls <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">﻿to her school in Connecticut.
 * 3) <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">__David Walker__- Journal agent to the Freedom Journal which was the first black abolition newspaper.
 * 4) <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">__Frederick Douglass__- Was born into slavery also helped create the underground railroad and to free slaves held captive down south.
 * 5) <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">__Harriet Tubman__- Led slaves out of captivity through the underground railroad. <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">﻿She later became a union spy during the War.
 * 6) <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">__American Colonization Society (ACS)__<span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">-  <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Founded by Robert Finnely in 1816 it was a group that thought blacks would never be fully integrated into American society. <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;"> group of white Virginia abolitionists. Wanted a gradual decline of slavery in which they planned on paying slave owners compensation. They then planned on sending the slaves to a different country to build themselves a new society. Were not ultimately succesful because not enough money was raised. However they removed and relocated thousands of slaves to the West Coast of Africa.
 * 7) <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">__﻿__ __Free Soil Party__- A political party founded in 1848. Made up of Northern Whigs, and some Democrats who were dissatisfied with the major parties, their goal was to not allow the expansion of slavery to the west. They collaborated with the Liberty Party, to put a Presidential Ticket up in 1848, of Martin Van Buren and Charles Francis Adams. They had 291, 263 votes. It dissolved in 1854, and its remains formed the new Republican Party.
 * 8) __<span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Sojourner Truth- __<span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">One of the first and greatest black female orators during the abolition movement. She had a quick wit, deep voice, and inspiring faith that won her many followers. She died in 1883, after working for years helping conditions for free blacks before, during, and after the Civil War.

<span style="color: #ad71ad; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 130%;">Key Events <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">1817- American Colonization Society (ACS)- a group of white Virginians against slavery is formed. <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">1827- Freedom's Journal- First African American newspaper under such names as David Walker. <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">1831- Nat Turner leads a mob of slaves in a revolt in Southampton County, Virginia, in which about 57 whites were killed. Later that year he was captured and executed <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">1833- Black School- Prudence Crandell attempts to open up a school for black children <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">1835- Anti Abolition mobs- Garrison twice this year escapes being lynched <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">﻿1836- Gag Rule- This rule, adopted in the U.S House in May of this year, prevented the discussion of antislavery proposals. It had strengthened the anitslavery movement by adding the issue of slavery, with petitioning the government. (1st amendment) Some critics argue that the house was just pushing the issue over slavery aside. <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">1850- Fugitive Slave Act- Congress passes a law stating that all runaway slaves must be captured and returned. <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">It was <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">﻿This law <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">also <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">made it ﻿ <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">illegal to help a runaway. <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">1857- Dred Scott v. Sandford- This case was important for slavery since it was within ten years of the actually aboliton of it but was really a big step back. Dred Scott lost his case that he should be free since he was moved to a free state, but it was also ruled that he did not even have the right to bring suit in the court of law since he was property. <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">1861-1865- Civil War- The United States enters a war divided by north and south ultimately putting an end to slavery mainly to due to Abraham Lincoln. <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">1865- Thirteenth Amendment- Congress passes a new amendment abolishing slavery. <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">﻿It also known, along with the fourteenth and fifteenth amendments, as a reconstruction amendment.

<span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">[|] [] <span style="color: #ad71ad; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 130%;">Primary Sources <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Letter from Richard D. Bayly to a friend Dec. 16, 1820 <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">- First hand account of a worried slave-owner in Virginia who is sending a message to a friend expressing the worry that he believes since a slave owner who has a large number of slaves which he plans to emancipate it may become a trend. He argues that it is against the law in Virginia and asks his friend for his thoughts. <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">[|] [] <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">First edition of the Liberator by Garrison, 1831 <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">- In this article Garrison introduces his new newspaper and explains his expeditions in the north and in the south advocating the abolition. He defends his radical measures and ends this edition with a poem. <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">http://www.personal.psu.edu/faculty/t/3/t3b/courses/SpCom475Fall1999/The%20Liberator1.htm

<span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Thirteenth Amendment Feb, 1865 <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">- This is the amendment signed by congress to abolish slavery.

<span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">[|] [|http://www.gilderlehrman.org/search/collection_pdfs/03/26/4/02/03264.02.pdf] <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Bibliography <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">"Ain't I a Woman?"." Literature and Its Times: Profiles of 300 Notable Literary Works and the Historical Events that Influenced Them. Joyce Moss and George Wilson. Vol. 2: Civil Wars to Frontier Societies (1800-1880s). Detroit: Gale, 1997. 22-27. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Gale. Newington High School Library. 10 Nov. 2009 <http://go.galegroup.com/ps/start.do?p=GVRL&u=newingtonnhslib>

<span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Bayly, Richard. "Building the Abolition Movement: Primary Sources." the Historical Society of Pennsylvania. 25 May 2006. the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Web. 12 Nov 2009. <http://www.hsp.org/files/baileyletterdec1820cms.pdf>. <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">"Reform Movements: Abolition (1815-1850)." American Eras. 8 vols. Gale Research, 1997-1998. Reproduced in History Resource Center. Farmington Hills, MI: Gale. http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/HistRC/

<span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">"The Confessions of Nat Turner." Literature and Its Times: Profiles of 300 Notable Literary Works and the Historical Events that Influenced Them. Joyce Moss and George Wilson. Vol. 2: Civil Wars to Frontier Societies (1800-1880s). Detroit: Gale, 1997. 93-98. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Gale. Newington High School Library. 10 Nov. 2009 <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">[].

<span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">"Thirteenth Amendment." The Gilder Lehrman Institute of America. 1865. The Gilder Lehrman Institute of America, Web. 16 Nov 2009. <http://www.gilderlehrman.org/search/collection_pdfs/03/26/4/02/03264.02.pdf>.

<span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Video <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">(Video of Abolition Movement)

<span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Bibliography (2010)

<span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;"> <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">“American Colonization Society.” pbs.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Nov. 2010. <http://www.pbs.org/‌wgbh/‌aia/‌part3/‌3p1521.html>. <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Cole, Arthur C. “Free Soil Party.” Dictionary of American History. Vol. 3. 111-112. Print. <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Ludlum, Robert P. “Gag Rule, Antislavery.” Dictionary of American History. Vol. 4. 146-147. Print. <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Scruggs, Otey M., Ph.D. “Sojourner Truth.” World Book Student. N.p., 2010. Web. 21 Nov. 2010. <http://www.worldbookonline.com/‌student/‌article? <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;"> id=ar568980&st=sojourner+truth>.