3.1+Progressive


 * //Progressivism Review //**

**Origins of Progressivism ** - How was Populism a forerunner to Progressivism?

**Directions: ** For all of the following people, laws, etc. – provide a 1-2 sentence description/explanation that identifies the importance of the term.

**Muckrakers ** - Upton Sinclair: Wrote the book The Jungle about meat packaging. It established the FDA. - Jacob Riis: He wrote how "The other half lives" he also photographed this. His pictures were very moving. - Lincoln Steffens: Wrote a book called "Shame of the City" about the terrible conditions in the cities. - Ida Tarbell: Attacked Rockefeller because he had brought down her father's company. - Henry Demarest Lloyd: Criticized Standard oil comapny and Railroads. - Theodore Dreiser: He wrote a controversial book called Sister Carrie. It was about young marrage and murder.

**Political Reforms ** - Australian Secret Ballot: Printed tickets of party candidates and watched voters put ballot forms in the box as a form of intimidation. - Direct Primary: The people who elected their own state officials. - Initiative: Can tell legislature to consider a bill. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Referendum: Citizens had the capibility to " voting on proposal lass printed on their ballads." - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Recall: Voters could remove corrupted politician by majority vote. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">17th Amendment: All US senators must be elected by popular vote.

**<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Prohibition/Temperance ** - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">18th Amendment: Banned manufacture, sale and transportation of alcohol. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Frances Willard: Known for heading the Christian Women's Temperance Movement.

**<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Women’s Suffrage ** - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Seneca Falls Convention: When all the women meet and declared their right for the first time. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Susan B. Anthony: She was a suffragest of women's rights and the established several organizations for that cause. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Alice Paul: Known for being one of the leading figures responsible for the passage of the 19th amendment. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Carrie Chapman Catt: The president of NAWSA and fought for women's suffrage - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">NAWSA: National American Women Suffrage Association - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">19th Amendment: This amendment gave women the right to vote in any election, including state and federal.

**<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">African Americans ** - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Booker T. Washington: He specialized in blacks needs for education and economic progress. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">W.E.B. DuBois: Started the NAACP - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">NAACP: National Association for the Advancement of Colored People - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Atlanta Exposition: Speech by Booker T. Washington before a white audience at the International Exposition at Atlanta

**<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Progressive Presidents: Teddy Roosevelt ** - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Square Deal: Package of modern forms concerning consuimer protection, conversation, and regulating trust. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Northern Securities Company: The first company that Roosevelt tried taking down because it was a monopoly - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Elkins Act: The authority to stop railroads rebating to favorite customers. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Hepburn Act: To fix just and reasonable railroad rates of the commission - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Pure Food and Drug Act: The act that established the FDA - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Forest Reserve Act: Reserving national parks - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Newlands Reclamation Act: Funded for irrigation projects

**<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Progressive Presidents: William Howard Taft ** - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">16th Amendment: The power to collect income tax. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Mann-Elkins Act: The ICC susupended railroad rates - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Payne-Aldrich Act: Promised lower tariff,

**<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Progressive Presidents: Woodrow Wilson ** - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Election of 1912: President Taft, Roosevelt, Wilson and Euguene Debs. Wilson won election. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Underwood Tariff: Reduced tariffs, and introduced income tax. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Federal Reserve Act: Created federal reserve - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Clayton Anti-Trust Act: Revision of Sherman Anti-Trust Act, made it harder for monopolies to grow. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Child Labor Act: Children 14 years and younger coudn't have their manufactured products shipped

**<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Other ** - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Eugene V. Debs: Founded socialist party, candidate for president in 5 elections. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Jane Addams: Founder of the Settlement House movement, member of the NAACP.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Catherine Cocola, Brandon Gary, Erin Day, Gavin Donahue, Annie Kim <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Lucy Hayes, William Taft, Susan B. Anthony, Lincoln Steffens, Herbert Spencer

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Time With Taft Talk Show :)

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Taft: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Welcome Everyone! Today I am joined by Herbert Spencer, Lucy Hayes, Susan B. Anthony and Lincoln Steffens. So, lets get acquainted with our audience each of you tell me a little about yourselves.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Spencer: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Hi, I’m Herbert Spencer. I support Social Darwinism, as you know. I believe “under the natural course of things each citizen tends towards his fittest function. Those who are competent to the kind of work they undertake, succeed, and, in the average of cases, are advanced in proportion to their efficiency; while the incompetent, society soon finds out, ceases to employ, forces to try something easier, and eventually turns to use.” (Vol. 3, Ch. VII, <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Over-Legislation)

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Hayes: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">I am Lucy Hayes, you should all know my husband he is Rutherford B. Hayes. Family is very important to me I love my husband and family. I also value education a great deal, in fact I am proud to say the I graduated from Wesleyan Female College. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Anthony: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">I actually attended a boarding school, so I’m pretty well-rounded. And after that I even became a teacher and even then believed in equal treatment and better pay.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Steffens: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">I am Lincoln Steffens and I am working to shake things up and bring about great and much needed change. I have written several controversial, yet well known articles addressing governmental, business, and political corruption. My favorites include: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The Shame of the Cities <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">, <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The Traitor State <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">, and <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The Struggle for Self-Government <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Taft: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> So Lucy, tell me about your involvement in the Civil War.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Hayes: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Well, it is not really my involvement. It is my husbands. He was wounded in battle and I moved to Camp White with my children to be closer to him. Eventually, I helped take care of the other solders and got the nickname “Mother Lucy”. Even now I continue to dedicate my time to caring for civil war veterans.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Taft: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> My goodness Lucy, how many nicknames do you have?

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Hayes: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">(chuckling) It is true I got the name “Lemonade Lucy” because I do not serve alcohol at the white house but I wear that name proudly. It’s like my husband said once “"He serves his party best who serves the country best." <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">

Taft: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">That’s good to hear. So what makes each of you interested in Reform? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Spencer: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">I’m not interested in reform? Reform helps the weak and unfit. “The ultimate result of shielding men from the effects of folly, is to fill the world with fools!” ( <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">State-Tamperings with Money and Banks). <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">You ought to let the weaker ones get removed. Don’t you know the famous phrase “survival of the fittest”? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Hayes: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">(Looks at him weirdly and cuts him off) Well, as for me, I come from a very politically progressive family. My father was a doctor who was a big supporter of the abolition movement. So I suppose that’s were my roots are I just believe in making a change for the better. However, it was my grandfather Isaac Cook who showed me the importance of temperance. Do not be fooled by the fact that I never officially became a part of the Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU), I am still have a very strong pro- temperance stand. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Anthony: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> That’s kind of like my family, I have six other siblings so my mom was pretty much a domestic housewife, so she was my main influence on my reform for women’s rights. But my father was the one who taught me the most. I remember he had always told me to be firm with what I believed in and to show my love for God by working for human betterment, and from the start he had always believed men and women were equal. I guess you could say I stuck to his word.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Spencer: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Ugh! God! I am a severe critic of religion. I’m influenced by my family. My whole family were nonconformist Dissenters. Speaking of family members, my father and my uncle were my tutors. I gained enormous learning only by my own efforts. A perfect model for Social Darwinism, isn’t it?

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Steffens: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Unfortunately, my father and I have very conflicting ideas. My father has been a very successful businessman, however, I have dedicated by career to investigating the corruption of business, government and politics.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Taft: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">What would you like to see accomplished in the world? How do you plan on trying to make that happen?

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Steffens: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Obviously, the use of the pen has worked for me. As a journalist, my true desire to create a society where all people enjoy a reasonable standard of life and promote social justice and to protect human rights. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Hayes: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">I would really like to see the government do something to prevent drinking because I believe that it is very harmful to society. That is why my ultimate goal is to improve the lives of others in society. I think a big way to do that would be to widespread the temperance movement but that is not my only concern. I have been serving as president of the national Woman's Home Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church since 1800. It was formed to care for the poor and mistreated women in the United States. I care very deeply about several social issues such as Native American welfare, veterans' benefits, and rehabilitation of the defeated South. Although it may seem that I am only concerned with temperance I really just want to see a happier society.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Anthony: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Lucy, you say that you want to see a happier society but you never take an interest in Women’s civil rights?

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Hayes: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">That is not a subject that I want to pursue.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Anthony: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Are you not interested in the Women’s rights movement?

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Spencer: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Lucy, you refuse to support the women? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">“ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Equity knows no difference of sex. In it’s vocabulary the word <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">man <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> must be understood in a generic, and not in a specific sense”! All you do is drink lemonade!

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Hayes: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> It’s not that I’m not interested! I just...don’t want to get into it. I’m pretty neutral about the whole situation.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Taft: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Ladies and gentleman this conversation has taken a controversial turn continue it after the show. Let’s hear from someone else. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Anthony: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Anyways... See, I grew up believing and fighting for anti-slavery and temperance, but I mainly work on fighting for women’s right and the equality of everyone. I would love to see a country where men and women could vote together and live with the same rights. Like I said in my speech in San Francisco, “Woman must not depend upon the protection of man, but must be taught to protect herself.”

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Taft: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> That’s all fine and dandy but, what are your views on trusts? Big businesses? As you should know during my presidency I was a big pusher of trust-busting, filing over 80 different suits through Congress which led to a federal income tax. What do you think about that?

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Steffens: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">I agree with you President Taft. I have written articles to expose the corruption in government and in big business in New York and am now trying to bring about political reform in urban America. As you know I was instrumental in helping to defeat the Tammany machine’s candidate for mayor in New York, which led to William Strong’s win, a true reformist candidate. Furthermore, I set up a board of police commissioners, headed by the former President Theodore Roosevelt.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Spencer <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">: That’s very stupid of you guys. You are busting those monopolies to help the weak! A What? Board of police commissioners? “Over-legislation!” What you need to do is just sit back and see them being eliminated. Government should not play a role in the society. And yet, look at you! Leading the government to do such things! You are terrible.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Taft: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Hah! You Darwinist scum, why do you feel the need to oppress the weak? The middle-class and anything lower are the foundation of our society, and we need to support them in every way possible. One society can not just run off of the elites, there needs to be FOUNDATION! <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Spencer: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Foundation! Evolutionary laws are what the society expresses to serve as the FOUNDATION of morality and law! You think those weak people who demand all these support from the government can be really called “the foundation of our society”? Society runs by the evolutionary principles. Not by them. It is natural for the society to sort out weaker ones. And I think Darwin should be called the Specerist, for I was the first one to really issue what known as the Social Darwinism.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Anthony: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Not to be disrespectful Taft, but if you think the government is so perfect, then tell me when the Fourteenth Amendment uses just the word “male” when describing citizen’s rights? And that the Fifteenth Amendment avoids the word “sex” when referring to protecting our citizen’s rights? If the government is so amazing as you say it is, why do we women basically fall short of everything in the most important documents?

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Taft: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Because any true MAN of society in their right mind knows that we are the ones that make the decisions. I still believe that women are not yet ready to do the same duties as men in government, you just can’t handle the job. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Anthony: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">We’re not ready to do the same duties? I’m pretty sure I can function just fine thank you. In fact, I established numerous organizations fighting for women’s rights. I organized the Women’s State Temperance Society with my good friend Elizabeth Cady Stanton, helped organize the National Woman Suffrage Association, the Working Woman’s Association, I campaigned for the American Anti-Slavery Society, published my own weekly paper called <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The Revolution <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">, where I called for equal pay, voting rights, and justice, and gave almost 100 speeches a year for 45 years, but no, of course that doesn’t mean I can function properly in the government..

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Spencer: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Way to go! “Society advances where its fittest members are allowed to assert their fitness with the least hindrance.”

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Taft: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> (Uncomfortably) Okay, so I’m going to redirect, How successful do you feel each of your reforms where, do think you at all failed during your movement?

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Hayes: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Well, I feel that temperance has definitely got a lot of support and it would have been amazing to see the amendment passed banning alcohol but of course I was already dead. It is so unfair I do all the work and I don’t even live to see the rewards. But of course my reform had failures too. I mean it is more difficult than just deciding that alcohol is bad it is a daily commitment not to drink.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Taft: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">I’ll have to agree with you on that one, Hayes. The alcohol industry was just another trust holding industry. Trusts trusts trust, that’s all I ever saw during my presidency. I’m sick of them. Thank god I was able to get rid of them all, I’m a master trust-buster.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Anthony: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">I too, do believe that my efforts were successful. The suffrage associations I organized were overall influential, and most people were affected from them. Eventually, I mean I of course had to retire, and unfortunately the 19th Amendment wasn’t passed, allowing women to vote, until fourteen years after my death.... But hey, I mean I guess you could say I was pretty successful in this movement, after all, I did get my face on a coin after I died too... And yeah, I guess I did have some failures in my time. I was kind of arrested at one point... I had registered to vote in a presidential election, and a chief marshal ended up coming to my home to arrest me for voting illegally. I, of course, put up a fight. After all, I was a citizen like everyone else, right? After my case, they fined me $100, and I never payed it. (smiles) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">It actually helped out my movement, since money poured in from supporters after that. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Taft: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Unfortunately that's all the time we have for today. Thank you everyone for coming and it was very nice talking with you all. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Bibliography

Lucy Webb Hayes: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 8pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">"Hayes, Lucy Webb (1831-1889)." <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Encyclopedia of World Biography <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 8pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. Vol. 28. Detroit: Gale, 2008. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Discovering Collection <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 8pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. Gale. Newington School District. 15 Mar. 2011 <http://find.galegroup.com/srcx/infomark.do?&contentSet=GBRC&type=retrieve&tabID=T001&prodId=DC&docId=EK1631009053&source=gale&srcprod=DISC&userGroupName=s0940&version=1.0>.

Morgan, Barbara. "Hayes, Lucy Webb (1831–1889)." <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Women in World History <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 8pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">A Biographical Encyclopedia <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 8pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. Ed. Anne Commire. Vol. 7. Detroit: Yorkin Publications, 2002. 99-101. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Gale Virtual Reference Library <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 8pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. Web. 15 Mar. 2011. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 8pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline;">[] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 8pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">

"Rutherford B. Hayes Quotes | BookRags.com." <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">BookRags.com | Study Guides, Lesson Plans, Book Summaries and More <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 8pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. Web. 16 Mar. 2011. <http://www.bookrags.com/quotes/Rutherford_B._Hayes>.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Susan B. Anthony: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">"PowerSearch ." <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">GaleNet <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. Web. 16 Mar. 2011. <http://find.galegroup.com/gps/retrieve.do?contentSet=IAC-Documents&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&qrySerId=Locale(en,,):FQE=(ke,None,16)susan b. anthony:And:LQE=(AC,None,8)fulltext$&sgHitCountType=None&inPS=true&sort=Relevance&searchType=BasicSearchForm&tabID=T003&prodId=IPS&searchId=R1¤tPosition=1&userGroupName=s0940&docId=A247607726&docType=IAC&contentSet=IAC-Documents>.

"Anthony, Susan B(rownell).(A)." <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">GaleNet <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. Web. 16 Mar. 2011. <http://find.galegroup.com/gps/retrieve.do?contentSet=IAC-Documents&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&qrySerId=Locale(en,,):FQE=(ke,None,16)susan b. anthony:And:LQE=(AC,None,8)fulltext$&sgHitCountType=None&inPS=true&sort=Relevance&searchType=BasicSearchForm&tabID=T003&prodId=IPS&searchId=R1¤tPosition=23&userGroupName=s0940&docId=A194195047&docType=IAC&contentSet=IAC-Documents

"Go Ahead, Arrest Me!(Susan B. Anthony)." <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">GaleNet <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. Web. 16 Mar. 2011. <http://find.galegroup.com/gps/retrieve.do?contentSet=IAC-Documents&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&qrySerId=Locale(en,,):FQE=(ke,None,16)susan b. anthony:And:LQE=(AC,None,8)fulltext$&sgHitCountType=None&inPS=true&sort=Relevance&searchType=BasicSearchForm&tabID=T003&prodId=IPS&searchId=R1¤tPosition=32&userGroupName=s0940&docId=A202484739&docType=IAC&contentSet=IAC-Documents>.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">William Howard Taft: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Brinkley, Alan. "PowerSearch Logout." <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">GaleNet <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, 2004. Web. 16 Mar. 2011. <http://find.galegroup.com/gps/retrieve.do?contentSet=IAC-Documents&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&qrySerId=Locale(en,,):FQE=(TX,None,19)william howard taft:And:LQE=(AC,None,8)fulltext$&sgHitCountType=None&inPS=true&sort=Relevance&searchType=BasicSearchForm&tabID=T001&prodId=IPS&searchId=R1¤tPosition=2&userGroupName=22510&docId=A176217512&docType=IAC&contentSet=IAC-Documents>.

Sotos, John G. "PowerSearch Logout." <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">GaleNet <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. General OneFile, 2003. Web. 16 Mar. 2011. <http://find.galegroup.com/gps/retrieve.do?contentSet=IAC-Documents&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&qrySerId=Locale(en,,):FQE=(TX,None,19)william howard taft:And:LQE=(AC,None,8)fulltext$&sgHitCountType=None&inPS=true&sort=Relevance&searchType=BasicSearchForm&tabID=T002&prodId=IPS&searchId=R1¤tPosition=1&userGroupName=22510&docId=A109844992&docType=IAC&contentSet=IAC-Documents>.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Spencer: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Richardson, Annette. "Spencer, Herbert (1820–1903)." <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Encyclopedia of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era. Sharpe Online Reference <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> (2011): n. pag. Web. 09 Mar. 2011 <http://www.sharpe-online.com/SOLR/a/show-content/fullarticle/4/book004-PART2-article796>.

Trompf, Garry W. "Spencer, Herbert." <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Encyclopedia of Religion <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. Ed. Lindsay Jones. 2nd ed. Vol. 13. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2005. 8678-8679. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Gale Virtual Reference Library <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. Web. 10 Mar. 2011.

Briggle, Adam. "Spencer, Herbert." <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Encyclopedia of Science, Technology, and Ethics <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. Ed. Carl Mitcham. Vol. 4. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2005. 1848-1849. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Gale Virtual Reference Library <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. Web. 10 Mar. 2011.

Paquette, G. B. "Social Darwinism." <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Encyclopedia of Western Colonialism since 1450 <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. Ed. Thomas Benjamin. Vol. 3. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2007. 1044-1046. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Gale Virtual Reference Library <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. Web. 10 Mar. 2011.