5.2+Progressive


 * //Progressivism Review //**

**Origins of Progressivism ** - How was Populism a forerunner to Progressivism?

**Directions: ** For all of the following people, laws, etc. – provide a 1-2 sentence description/explanation that identifies the importance of the term.

**Muckrakers ** - Upton Sinclair- The author of the muckracking magazine, "The Jungle" - Jacob Riis- Photojournalist who published the book "How the Other Half Lives" - Lincoln Steffens- A uckracker who write "The Shame of the Cities" describing in detail the corrupt deals that characterized big-city politics. - Ida Tarbell- A muchracker who wrote "The History of Standard Oil" - Henry Demarest Lloyd- A Chicago reporter who wrote a series of articles for the Atlantic Monthly attacking the practices of railroads and Standard Oil. - Theodore Dreiser- A muckracker who wrote" The Financer" and "The Titan" portraying the ruthlessness and avarice of an industrialists.

**Political Reforms ** - Australian Secret Ballot- A type of voting where people would vote behind closed doors or curtins in order to stop intimidation by candidates - Direct Primary- Chosing candidates via the popular vote as oposed to being chosen at conventions by party bosses - Initiative- The idea that voters can compel the legislature to consider a bill - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Referendum- Citizens could vote on laws on ballots - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Recall- Enabled voters to remove a politician from office by majority vote. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">17th Amendment- The election of senators was now voted on by popular vote

**<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Prohibition/Temperance ** - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">18th Amendment- The prohibition of alcohol. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Frances Willar- A prohibitionist and women's suffragist who helped pass the 18th and 19th Amandments.

**<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Women’s Suffrage ** - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Seneca Falls Convention- A convention from women's rights and wrote their own Constitution morroring the U.S Constitution. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Susan B. Anthony- A leader of women's rights activist. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Alice Paul- The president of the NAWSA - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Carrie Chapman Catt- - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">NAWSA- National American Women Suffrage thought to impower women and enable families in society - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">19th Amendment- guarenteeed women's rights to vote in elections

**<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">African Americans ** - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Booker T. Washington- The owner of the Tuskegee Institute and argued that blacks needed education. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">W.E.B. DuBois- A northerner who wrote "The Soles of Black Folk" who argued that political and social rights are a prerequisite for economic independece. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">NAACP- created by W. E. B. Du Bois standed for the National Association for the Adavancement of Colored People. They wanted to abolish segregation. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Atlanta Exposition- A speech given by Booker T. Washington in 1895 and was one of the most important and influencial speeches in American history.

**<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Progressive Presidents: Teddy Roosevelt ** - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Square Deal- The non-favoring of the business owners over the laborers and vice versa. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Northern Securities Company- A railroad trust formed by the rich that took over the northern railroad system. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Elkins Act- Interstate Commerce Commision's authority to stop rebate to a favored costumer. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Hepburn Act- Interstate Commerce Commision could fix just and reliable rates for railroads. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Pure Food and Drug Act- Stopped the selling of bad or mislabeled food and drugs. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Forest Reserve Act- Roosevelt put aside 150 acres of land as a national reserve that could not be sold by private interest. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Newlands Reclamation Act- A comission established under Gifford Pinchot for the need of conservation.

**<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Progressive Presidents: William Howard Taft ** - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">16th Amendment- Made a federal income tax legal. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Mann-Elkins Act- Gave the Interstate Commerce Commission the power to suspend new railroad rates and oversee a telephone, telegraph, and cable companies. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Payne-Aldrich Act- Raised the tariff in 1909 on imports.

**<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Progressive Presidents: Woodrow Wilson ** - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Election of 1912- The candidates were Taft, Roosevelt, and Wilson. Wilson won the presidency. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Underwood Tariff- Lowered the tariff for the first time in 50 years. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Federal Reserve Act- Wilson proposed a national banking system with 12 distric banks supervised by the Federal Reserve Board. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Clayton Anti-Trust Act- Strengtened the Sherman Anti-Trust Act that organized labor and exempted unions from being considered trusts. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Child Labor Act- Prohibited the shipment and interstate commerce of product manufacotred by children under 14 years of age.

**<span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Other ** - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Eugene V. Debs- A candidate for the Socialist party. - <span style="font-family: 'Century','serif'; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;">Jane Addams-