5.1+Progressive


 * //Progressivism Review //**

**Origins of Progressivism ** - How was Populism a forerunner to Progressivism?

**Directions: ** For all of the following people, laws, etc. – provide a 1-2 sentence description/explanation that identifies the importance of the term.

- Upton Sinclair-he wrote about how disgusting the meat packing industry was. The book was called "The Jungle" - Jacob Riis- He took pictures of bad city life and also wrote the book, "How the other half lives". This exposed the horrible lives of people living in the "Projects" in citites. It also showed how sigusting and unsanitary city streets were. - Lincoln Steffens- he had articles publshed in Mcclures magazine called "tweed days in St.Louis". These articles exposed what the muckrakers believed in. - Ida Tarbell - She was a Author, teacher, and journalist who was the first person to write about and take on the practice of Standard Oil. - Henry Demarest Lloyd - He wrote "Wealth Against Common Wealth", that exposed the corruption and greed of the monopolies formed by Rockefeller, Carnegie, and others. It attacked the practices of standard oil nd railroad companies in particular. - Theodore Dreiser - He was an American novelist/journalist who wrote "The Financier" and "The Titan". He portrayed the ruthlessness of industrialists in his books.
 * Muckrakers **

- Australian Secret Ballot-This let the choice of who the voter voted for confidential and prevented people from being bribed or pressured into voting for a certain person, it kept the votes sincere. - Direct Primary- People now voted for each of the parties candidates. This dramatically slowed down the growth of monopolies and eventually played a key role in stopping them all together. - Initiative-voters can compell legislature to consider a bill - Referendum-a method allowed citizens to vote on proposed laws printed on their ballots - Recall - aloud voters to remove an elected official out of office with a popular vote if enough people signed a petition. This basically aloud people to get rid of corrupt government officials. - 17th Amendment- Established a direct election of U.S Senators by a popular vote of the people. This gave people more and more say in the government.
 * Political Reforms **

- 18th Amendment-Ban of manufacture, sale, and consumption of alcohol - Frances Willard- He participated in the creation of women's christian temperance union and was the President of Women's National Party, traveled in a 50 day speaking tour in 1874
 * Prohibition/Temperance **

- Seneca Falls Convention-1848, influential women's rights convention held in Seneca Falls, NY, organized by local NY women mainly Elizabeth Cady Stanton. The Declaration of Sentiments was established. A great leep for women's suffrage - Susan B. Anthony- A prominent American civil right leader who played a pivotal role in the 19th century women right. She was the cofounder - Alice Paul-Joined the NAWSA and was appointed chairwoman on the congressional committee in D.C - Carrie Chapman Catt - Founded the NAWSA. This was a Womans rights group. She sought to seek an amendment in the Constitution for women's suffrage - NAWSA - Founded by carrie Chapmman Catt in 1900 and encouraged woman to petition and also tryed to get woman the right to vote. It was the National American Woman Suffrage Association - 19th Amendment - This gave woman the right to vote in local, state and national levels of elections
 * Women’s Suffrage **

- Booker T. Washington- Head of the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama. He fought for free education for African Americans in his Atlanta Exposition in 1895 - W.E.B. DuBois-Unlike Washington he was born to be a northerner w/a college education, He arguged political social rights, were a prerequisite for economic independence - NAACP- W.E.B DuBois found the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People in 1908 which was created to abolish segregation and increase African Americans opportunity for education - Atlanta Exposition- Was Booker T Washington's speech to voice about free education for African Americans
 * African Americans **

- Square Deal- The term Roosevelt used for his approach to social problems, it embraced his idealistic view of labor, citizenship, parenthood, and Christian ethics, first used after the settlement of a mining strike. - Northern Securities Company- a railroad trust made in 1902 by E.H. Harriman, James J. Hill, J.P. Morgan, J.D. Rockefeller, and their associates, they were sued under the Sherman antitrust act by Teddy Roosevelt. - Elkins Act- strengthened interstate commerce commission to set maximum railroad fright rates - Hepburn Act- strengthened elkins act, clarify and increase authority of interstate commerce commission. - Pure Food and Drug Act-June 30th 1906, the US federal law that provides federal inspection of meat products and forbade the manufacture, sale, or transports. Arose due to public education and exposes Muckrakers - Forest Reserve Act- Is a law, allowed the President to set aside forest reserves from the lan in the public domain -Newlands Reclamation Act- Reclamation Act- It funded irrigation projects for the arid lands of the American West
 * Progressive Presidents: Teddy Roosevelt **

- 16th Amendment- Congress has the power to collect taxes on income - Mann-Elkins Act-proposed to give Interstate Commerce Comission power to bring the railroads within the embrace of the law - Payne-Aldrich Act-first change in tarriff laws since the Dingley Act of 1892 made fewer downward revisions and increased numberous rates
 * Progressive Presidents: William Howard Taft **

- Election of 1912-Theodore Roosevelt sought republican nomation Delegates chose Taft Roosevelt and supporters formed Progressive Party Democrats elected Wilson Wilson WON! - Underwood Tariff-Average tariff was decreased from 41% to 27%, 100 items became free of tariff - -Federal Reserve Act-created the Federal Reserve System, and granted it the legal authority to issue legal and tender - Clayton Anti-Trust Act-prohibited exclusive sales contracts, rebatesm and interlocking stock holdings - Child Labor Act- rules regulating the employment of minors
 * Progressive Presidents: Woodrow Wilson **

- Eugene V. Debs - He help found the Socialist party, he ran for president 4 times and lost every time - Jane Addams- Co-founder of Chicago's Hull House, it was a social settlement for poor immigrants and she broaden her goals to include legislative protection for women, women suffrage, juvenile court systems, labor laws, and compulsary education
 * Other **